Important (Possibly derived from Dutch: belangrijk) Peak, summit, place/village? (context dependent) (From Welsh: ban/fan)
Mountain, mountainous, upper, top, or "the highest" (From Irish: High) Informer, spy (From Swedish: angivare, a person who reports someone else's criminal actions) Of (From the Welsh patronymic ap)(mostly used for marking hereditary ties) River (from Welsh: afon, Breton: avon) ( glys in Nilfgaardian language) Phonetic presentation of the sound ravens/crows makeįirst person singular subject personal pronoun I ( dryad dialect)įrom, to, for, with, of, in, out of, at, by, down, in, into, until, on, like, as For the latter, visit Hen Linge page on the linguist's wiki.Ī B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ' Names Phrases A Elder Speech
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Note: for the purposes of consistency with the Saga and the games, words coined for the TV series listed below follow the transliteration from Elder Runes rather than Peterson's romanization. For example, inváerne is latinized as inveirne and Hen Llinge as Hen Linge.
In contrast with Sapkowski's writings, Peterson's latinization of the language reflects the intended pronunciation, leaving the irregularities to the language's native script (which he had also invented). Peterson recreated the Elder Speech as a fully developed constructed language. The author invented the language for orcs and elves, but so far only the latter have appeared in the official continuity.įor the purpose of Netflix's The Witcher, renowned linguist David J. The two basic verbs, "to be" and "to have", are borrowed from Italian and Latin. Its vocabulary is based heavily on the Celtic languages of Wales, Ireland, and Scotland, although in some cases Sapkowski has used also connotations with more "popular" languages, like German and English. Nilfgaardian, Skellige and Zerrikanian dialects all derive from Elder Speech. Sung versions of Elder Speech are used by dryads, sirens, and nereids. It is used not only by elves, but also by mages and scholars. As it is one of the oldest languages still in use, it is referred to as the Old or Elder Speech while the lingua franca is Common Speech. Hen Llinge, or Elvish, is the language of the Aen Seidhe elves.
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